Troubleshooting tips and techniques

The following tricks and techniques can be used to test or troubleshoot issues.

Topics

Spoof addresses with hosts entries
Can Access Gateway reach a host?
Can a host be reached across a firewall?

Spoof addresses with hosts entries

You can use entries in a local hosts file to bypass DNS, which enables you to test applications before names are available in DNS. Tools such as nslookup and dig don't return values found in a local hosts file.

Open the hosts file for your platform in a text editor:
OS Value
Windows C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts.txt
Linux and similar /etc/hosts
Enter a reference specific to an app such as:
192.168.x.y header.myhost.mydomain.com
Test normally.

OS	Value
Windows	C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts.txt
Linux and similar	/etc/hosts

Can Access Gateway reach a host?

Ping can be used within the Access Gateway Management console to determine if a host is reachable.

Open a connection to the Access Gateway Management console.
Select 1-Network.
Select 6-Ping.
At the IP Address/Hostname prompt, enter a name or address.
Examine the result to determine if Access Gateway can reach the host. For example: IP Address/Hostname: google.com PING google.com (172.217.10.238) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from lga25s59-in-f14.1e100.net (172.217.10.238): icmp_seq=1 ttl=114 time=22.7 ms . . . 64 bytes from lga25s59-in-f14.1e100.net (172.217.10.238): icmp_seq=4 ttl=114 time=18.1 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 16.900/19.520/22.757/2.234 ms

Are hosts entered into DNS

Tools such as nslookup and dig can be used to determine if a host is resolvable.

To use nslookup to determine the IP address of a host name:

Open a command prompt. While nslookup is typically available on Linux and Apple OSX-based computers, it may not be available on Windows.
Run nslookup. For example:
nslookup google.com
Evaluate the result.
nslookup google.com Server: Unknown Address: 172.16.49.2 Name: google.com.localdomain Addresses: 172.217.6.206 172.217.6.206

Can a host be reached across a firewall?

Tools such as telnet can be used to determine if a host can be reached across a firewall. It's assumed that the machine running the telnet command is on the opposite side of the host being accessed.

While telnet is typically available on Linux and macOS, it may not be available on Windows.

To attempt to access a host using telnet: